Just been diagnosed with heart disease? You're not alone, and there's a lot you can do.
Whether you've had a heart attack, a stent or bypass surgery, or a test showed narrowed arteries, a heart disease diagnosis can feel overwhelming. The good news is that most people with coronary artery disease go on to live active, full lives. Here you'll find clear, friendly guides for you and your family, one step at a time.
Updated September 28, 2026
In an emergency, call 9-1-1 or your local emergency number.
Start here
- Heart Disease: What Now?: your first steps after a diagnosis (video, 3:50)
Your first 30 days: a checklist
- Save the phone number of a nurse, clinic or doctor you can call with questions.
- Book a visit with your family doctor within a week or two of leaving hospital, and keep your heart specialist follow-up.
- Take every heart medicine exactly as prescribed, and never stop one without talking to your team first.
- Keep an up-to-date medicine list in your wallet and by the phone.
- Ask for a referral to cardiac rehab, and check that it was sent.
- Walk a little every day, building up slowly, unless your team tells you otherwise.
- Learn the heart attack warning signs, and share them with your family.
- Tell your team if you feel low, worried or can't sleep for more than two weeks.
- Your first 30 days after a heart disease diagnosis: A calm, step-by-step guide to the first month after a coronary artery disease diagnosis, heart attack, stent or bypass: medicines, rehab, rest and support. (6 min read)
- Questions to ask your heart team (printable): A printable list of questions to bring to heart appointments, grouped by visit: diagnosis, tests, medicines, procedures, cardiac rehab, lifestyle and follow-up. (5 min read)
Understand it
- How Your Heart Works: a pump, four rooms and a spark (video, 4:57)
- How a Heart Attack Happens: and what you can do to prevent one (video, 4:29)
- Cholesterol, Explained: the good, the bad and what to do (video, 4:31)
- Blood Pressure, Explained: what the numbers mean (video, 4:48)
- Heart Failure, Explained: when the pump can't keep up (video, 4:27)
- Atrial Fibrillation, Explained: when the heartbeat loses its rhythm (video, 5:05)
- Understanding your heart tests: What ECGs, troponin and cholesterol blood tests, echocardiograms, stress tests, heart CT scans and coronary angiograms show, how they feel and how to prepare. (6 min read)
Your treatment
- Your Heart Medicines, Explained: what each one does, and why it matters (video, 3:52)
- Stents and Bypass Surgery, Explained: how doctors reopen blocked arteries (video, 3:57)
Living well
- Cardiac Rehab: Your Road Back: what happens, and why it's worth it (video, 3:42)
- What Exercise Does for Your Body: and how much you really need (video, 4:38)
- Hands-Only CPR: how to help save a life (video, 4:23)
- Eating for your heart: a practical guide: Simple, evidence-based heart-healthy eating: Mediterranean-style and DASH patterns, less sodium, more fibre, better fats, labels and eating out. (6 min read)
- Life after a heart attack: work, driving, travel and intimacy: Practical guidance on getting back to work, driving, travel, sex and good sleep after a heart attack, stent or bypass surgery, and what to ask your team. (6 min read)
- Your feelings matter: heart disease and emotional health: Worry, sadness and fear are common after a heart diagnosis. Learn the signs of depression and anxiety, why they matter, and where to find support. (5 min read)
When to get help
Call 9-1-1 now
- Chest discomfort: pressure, squeezing, fullness, pain, burning or heaviness
- Discomfort in the neck, jaw, shoulders, arms, back or upper stomach
- Shortness of breath, with or without chest discomfort
- Sweating or a cold sweat
- Nausea or throwing up
- Light-headedness or feeling faint
- Angina that is new, stronger, happens at rest, or doesn't settle as usual with rest or your prescribed medicine
- Someone collapses, doesn't respond, or isn't breathing normally: call 9-1-1 and start CPR
Call 9-1-1 or your local emergency number. Don't drive yourself.
Call your care team soon
- Your usual angina is happening a bit more often, or with less activity than before
- You feel more short of breath than usual with everyday activities
- Swelling in your ankles or legs, or sudden weight gain over a few days
- Dizziness, or a heartbeat that feels very fast, slow, skipping or fluttering
- Side effects from your medicines, such as unusual bleeding or bruising, or muscle pain
- Redness, swelling, warmth or discharge at a wound, or where a tube went in for a stent or angiogram
- Low mood or worry that lasts more than two weeks
- You run out of a heart medicine or can't afford it
If you have any of these signs, call 9-1-1 or your local emergency number right away. Stop what you're doing and sit or lie down. If your doctor prescribed nitroglycerin, use it as instructed, and follow the 9-1-1 call taker's instructions. Don't drive yourself to the hospital. Symptoms can be mild or come and go, and they may be different from last time. If you're not sure, call.
- When to call 9-1-1 and when to call your care team: Clear lists to help you decide: call 9-1-1 for heart attack warning signs, or call your care team for new or changing symptoms. Plus angina vs heart attack. (5 min read)
Questions to ask your team
A printable list of questions to bring to your next appointment.
Go deeper
Written for clinicians and students. More technical material from Hibbert Medical, for readers who want more detail.
Podcast summaries
- Cardiology podcasts, summarized: Episodes from JACC Podcasts, Circulation on the Run, ACC CardiaCast and other cardiology shows, each with a written summary.
- Heart surgery podcasts: Surgeons discuss bypass, valve surgery and recovery after heart operations.
- Rehabilitation podcasts: Rehab specialists on exercise, recovery and getting back to daily life.
- Nutrition podcasts: Researchers and dietitians on eating patterns, salt, fats and heart health.
- Exercise science podcasts: What the evidence says about activity, fitness and training.
- Mental health podcasts: Stress, mood and coping with a long-term illness.
Briefings
- ESC Munich 2026: the results that change practice: A clinician briefing on this year's European Society of Cardiology trial results.
Lectures
- Stable Ischemic Heart Disease: Residency cardiology: diagnosis, risk and treatment of long-term coronary artery disease.
- Acute Coronary Syndromes: STEMI vs. NSTEMI Management: Residency internal medicine: how heart attacks are recognized and treated in hospital.
- Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Techniques and Outcomes: How angioplasty and stents are done, and what the trials show.
- Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Indications and Graft Selection: Who benefits from bypass surgery and how the grafts are chosen.
- Preventive Cardiology and Lipid Management: Cholesterol targets, statins and other ways to prevent another event.
- Hypertension Management in the Outpatient Setting: Blood pressure targets and treatment choices in everyday practice.
- Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: The medicines and devices that help a weakened heart.
- Atrial Fibrillation: Rate vs. Rhythm Control: Stroke prevention and heart-rhythm treatment options in AFib.
- Cardiac Rehabilitation: Exercise Prescription and Risk Stratification: How cardiac rehab programs are designed and why they work.
- Coronary Circulation: Medical school: how the heart's own arteries supply the heart muscle.
Seminars
- Heart Failure Post-MI: Beta-Blockers & SGLT2i: Seminar series: new evidence on medicines after a heart attack.
- AFib: Left Atrial Appendage Closure & DOACs: Seminar series: evolving ways to prevent stroke in atrial fibrillation.
- Approach to Chest Pain: Clerkship seminar: how doctors work out the cause of chest pain.
- Cardiac Emergencies: Clerkship seminar: heart attack and other heart emergencies in the ER.
- Heart Failure: Clerkship seminar: diagnosing and treating heart failure.
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk: Clerkship seminar: blood pressure and overall heart risk in family practice.
Clinical cases
- Acute Coronary Syndrome: A patient arrives with chest pain; follow the workup and treatment.
- Stable Angina Pectoris: Chest pain on exertion from a narrowed coronary artery.
- Acute STEMI: Complete Coronary Occlusion: A blocked artery, and why every minute counts.
- Myocardial Perfusion Imaging for CAD: How a stress scan shows which parts of the heart get too little blood.
- Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A patient who needs bypass surgery, from decision to recovery.
- Heart Failure after a Heart Attack: How damage from a heart attack can weaken the heart's pumping.
- Statin Therapy for High Cholesterol: How statins lower cholesterol, explained through one patient.
- New Diagnosis of Hypertension: Finding and treating high blood pressure in family practice.
- Wearable Device Detection of Atrial Fibrillation: A smartwatch alert, and what happens next.
Common questions
What is coronary artery disease?
Coronary artery disease happens when a fatty material called plaque builds up inside the arteries that carry blood to your heart muscle. This can narrow the arteries and reduce blood flow, which can cause chest discomfort (angina). If a plaque breaks open and a blood clot forms, it can block blood flow and cause a heart attack. Medicines, procedures and healthy habits can all help.
Can I live a normal life with heart disease?
Most people with coronary artery disease go on to live active, full lives. Taking your medicines, going to cardiac rehab, staying active, eating well and not smoking all help lower your chance of future heart problems. Your care team can help you set goals that fit your life.
What is cardiac rehab, and do I need it?
Cardiac rehab is a program of supervised exercise, education and counselling for people with heart disease. It is recommended after a heart attack, stent or bypass surgery. Research shows it lowers the chance of another heart attack and of going back to hospital, and helps people feel better. Ask your doctor for a referral. Many programs also offer home-based or virtual options.
How long will I need to take my heart medicines?
Many heart medicines, such as those that lower cholesterol, are taken long term. Some, like certain anti-clotting medicines after a stent, are taken for a set time that your team will decide. Never stop or change a heart medicine on your own, even if you feel well. Ask your team how long you need each one.
Is it normal to feel anxious or depressed after a heart attack?
Yes. Worry, sadness and fear are very common after a heart event, and depression affects many people with heart disease. These feelings are real and treatable, and looking after your mood helps your heart recovery. Talk with your care team if low mood or worry lasts more than two weeks. If you are thinking about suicide, call or text 9-8-8 in Canada or the U.S., or call 9-1-1.
Sources for this page
- Heart & Stroke Foundation of Canada: Coronary artery disease
- Heart & Stroke Foundation of Canada: Emergency signs
- Heart & Stroke Foundation of Canada: Coming home
- Heart & Stroke Foundation of Canada: Angina
- American Heart Association: Warning signs of a heart attack
- NHLBI: Coronary heart disease
- NHLBI: Heart attack recovery
- Dibben G, et al. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021
- Lichtman JH, et al. Depression and coronary heart disease: AHA science advisory. Circulation. 2008
- Virani SS, et al. 2023 AHA/ACC multisociety guideline for chronic coronary disease. Circulation. 2023
General information, not medical advice. It does not replace your own care team. If you think you or someone else is having a medical emergency, call 9-1-1 or your local emergency number. If you are in crisis or thinking about suicide, call or text 9-8-8 (Canada and the US).